What “not your keys, not your coins” means
When bitcoin is held through an exchange, the exchange may control withdrawal access. An account balance is not the same as independently controlled Bitcoin.
Insolvency, freezes, withdrawal limits, legal restrictions, and account compromise can affect access. This does not mean every exchange is unsafe; it means the custody model changes the risk profile.
Withdrawing to self-custody can reduce reliance on that third party, while shifting responsibility for keys, backups, devices, and transactions to you.